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Empress Dowager Cixi - Wikipedia
Ci'an continued as co-regent until her death in 1881. Cixi oversaw the Tongzhi Restoration, during which she rejected Western political institutions but supported technological and military modernization.
Cixi | Biography & Facts | Britannica
Cixi was one of the most powerful women in the history of China, active from the 1860s into the 1900s. As mother or adoptive mother of two Chinese emperors, she acted as regent before they were of age and continued to wield considerable influence over China after they formally assumed power.
Empress Dowager Cixi: Her Life, Reign, and Mystery
Empress Dowager Cixi stands out as infamous in Qing Dynasty and Chinese history. Cixi's early life, reign, and events of her time are covered here.
Empress Dowager Cixi - New World Encyclopedia
She was a powerful and charismatic figure who became the de facto ruler of the Manchu Qing Dynasty when her son ascended the throne at the age of five, ruling over China for 47 years from 1861 to her death in 1908.
Tz'u-hsi or Cixi: The Dowager Empress of China - King's College
Tzu-Hsi (pronounced "Tsoo Shee"), or Cixi, was one of the most formidable women in modern history. She was famed for her beauty and charm. She was either a great friend or terrible enemy. She was power hungry, ruthless and profoundly skilled in court politics.
Cixi - Asia Society
The Empress Dowager Cixi was the last paramount ruler of the Qing Dynasty. While she governed primarily through the regency, her stranglehold on court power held firm for five decades.
Cixi, the controversial empress dowager who modernized China
After Cixi seized power, the brilliant queen regent of China never let it go and guided her people into the 20th century. Born in 1835, the girl who would gain fame as the Empress Dowager Cixi...
Cixi (1835–1908) - Encyclopedia.com
Cixi, best known as China's empress-dowager or Old Buddha, was the de facto ruler of China for half a century during a tumultuous period of internal and external crises that demanded social and political changes to Qing (Ch'ing) China (1644–1911).
MIT Visualizing Cultures
Few photographs remain of the Empress Dowager Cixi (1835–1908), China’s notorious head of state during the final decades of the imperial era.
CHINA UNDER THE EMPRESS DOWAGER CIXI | Facts and Details
Empress Dowager Cixi (1835 – 1908) was a Chinese empress dowager and regent who effectively controlled the Chinese government in the late Qing dynasty for 47 years, from 1861 until her death in 1908.
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